How Do You Know if Baby Fawn in Ct Is Abandoned
Гипермаркет знаний>>Английский язык>>Английский язык eleven класс>> Spotlight on Russian federation
Our names are Ann and Bill and we want to welcome you to this edition of §3 Spotlight on Russia. Nosotros are both Twelvemonth eleven students from Ridgeway Secondary Schoolhouse in Liverpool, England. Nosotros are very lucky to be living and studying in Russian federation this yr equally part of a student exchange program.
Spotlight on Russia has invited the states to piece of work for the mag as guest editors. This yr we volition be travelling across this amazing country and learning as much equally we can almost Russian culture, geography, ecology issues, free-time activities and much more. We'll share our impressions of life in Russia with you, and we hope yous'll tell the states more almost dissimilar aspects of life in your slap-up country!
Please ship us your ideas almost places we should run into and things we should do while we are here. You can contact us by e-mail at bill&[email protected] Recollect, teenagers from all over the earth read this terrific magazine, then this is a great opportunity to let people know about your land!
We promise you enjoy our articles.
Bill Ann
Contents
1 Life
Unlike means of life in Russia
two Culture
Tsaritsyno
three Dostoyevsky
Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Crime & Punishment
four Tradition
Old New Twelvemonth
5 Luck
Russian superstitions
6 Space
Mir Orbital Circuitous
7 Success
Irina Kolesnikova achieved success confronting all the odds
8 Exploring Russia
Russia is a huge state and then, of form, the way of life tin can be very dissimilar depending on where people live.
Spotlight on Russian federation looks at different ways of life in Russian federation
A quarter of the population of Russia, about forty 1000000 people, live in villages. Russian federation's size means village life has inappreciably changed in centuries and is still very traditional, although quite hard. People's livelihoods depend on crops and livestock. They must work in the fields and tend to their animals. The summer harvest has to concluding through the wintertime and ofttimes the merely way for people to make money is to sell their produce at the market in the nearest town or city. However, the isolation and simplicity that makes viilage life difficult is also what makes information technology wonderful. There are no factories or traffic, only fresh air, clear streams and cute forests.
LIFE ON THE BLACK SEA
The best stretch of coastline in Russia is in the due south¬due east on the coast of the Black Sea. This is where many Russians go for their summer holidays. Information technology is a densely populated area and the people who live there make their living from the tourists who come for their holidays between May and Oct. Every business firm has rooms to rent and the streets and beaches are crowded with people selling all sorts of souvenirs and refreshments. There are also many different types of water sports available.
• Where do you alive?
• Does your lifestyle depend on the place
y'all live in? If yes, how? If no, why not?
LIFE IN THE NORTH
In the far due north of Russian federation, conditions are harsh and life is very difficult. This is where you volition notice big oil fields and mining operations. Big companies attract people to work and live in that location by giving them high salaries and free housing. Notwithstanding, many people go out after a brusque fourth dimension because they cannot cope with the freezing cold atmospheric condition and temperatures every bit low as - 50°.
ACTIVITY
Draw the place where y'all live. What is it like to live there? Write to Spotlight on Russia and tell us all almost if
Culture
Taking a walk in the park in Moscow has never been so good now that the Tsaritsyno Estate has fifty-fifty more to offer.
Twenty minutes from downtown Moscow, you will find the Tsaritsyno Estate. It is a huge palace and park whose official name is the State Historical, Architectural, Fine art and Landscape Museum Reserve Tsaritsyno. The park covers an area of over 700 hectares and has beautiful scenery. The waters of the Upper Tsaritsyno pond together with the Shipilovsky and Borisovsky ponds course the largest group of ponds in Moscow.
The palace was built as a royal residence for Catherine the Great by the famous Russian architect, Vasiliy Bazhenov in a romantic gothic style. However, afterwards ten years of construction, the tsarina was unhappy and tore many of the buildings downwardly when she saw them, in 1785. Some other architect, Matvey Kazakov, was ordered to rebuild the palace, but it was not completed before Catherine's expiry.
Over the adjacent two hundred years the palatial estate turned into majestic ruins. Although it was abased, information technology became a favourite place for Muscovites to spend time outdoors. Finally, in 1984 a decision was reached to completely restore Tsaritsyno's architecture and park, and make it the home of the State Museum of Craft of the Peoples of the USSR. The majority of the architectural monuments have at present been restored and the grounds have been renovated.
Today visitors tin see collections of modernistic arts and crafts including porcelain, glass, ceramics, decorative textiles, tapestries, leather, jewellery and more. Original creations from leading artists of diverse generations, national schools, and artistic orientations are on display. Excursions, educational programmes, concerts, festive events too every bit the beauty of the park and ponds besides wait visitors.
The restoration of the Chiliad Palace was completed past the cease of 2007. Large-scale restoration and landscaping of the park and the ponds were too carried out. Tsaritsyno, a jewel of Russian civilization, has a grand hereafter.
• Have you e'er visited Tsaritsyno?
• Afterward reading this would you similar to?
Give reasons why (non).
Which famous Russian authors accept yous read? We learnt about the most famous Russian novelist and his best known work.
Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) was a Russian novelist whose work has had a huge affect on world literature. He is notwithstanding the most widely read author in Russia.
"Crime and Penalty" (1866) is the story of a young human, Raskolnikov, who believes that he tin commit any crime because he has something worthy to offer humanity. He commits murder to endeavour and prove his theory, but then he has to struggle with his guilty conscience. He tries to aid a man he sees get hit by a carriage, just the man dies. He gives all his coin to the man's widow and becomes attached to his daughter, Sonia. He sympathises with her and sees her suffering as noble. He finally confesses to Sonia and goes to a Siberian prison house for eight years. Sonia follows him and helps him to reform.
Office iv Affiliate iv
"What's to be done, what'southward to be done?" repeated Sonia, weeping hysterically and wringing her hands.
"What's to exist done? Intermission what must be cleaved, once and for all, that's all, and take the suffering on oneself. What, you don't understand? You'll understand later....
Freedom and power, and above all, power! Over all trembling creation and all the emmet-heap! ... That'south the goal, remember that! That's my farewell bulletin. Possibly it's the last time I shall speak to you lot. If I don't come tomorrow, you'll hear of it all, and and so recollect these words. And some day later on, in years to come, you'll understand mayhap what they meant. If I come tomorrow, I'll tell you who killed Lizaveta.... Expert-cheerio." Sonia started with terror.
"Why, practise yous know who killed her?", she asked, chilled with horror, looking wildly at him.
"I know and will tell... you, simply you lot. I take chosen y'all out. I'g not coming to you to inquire forgiveness, but simply to tell you. I chose you out long ago to hear this, when your father talked of you and when Lizaveta was alive, I idea of it. Practiced-bye, don't shake hands. Tomorrow!" He went out. Sonia gazed at him as at a madman. But she herself was similar i insane and felt it. Her head was going round.
"Practiced heavens, how does he know who killed Lizaveta? What did those words mean? Information technology's awful!" Merely at the same time the idea did not enter her head, not for a moment! "Oh, he must be terribly unhappy!... He has abandoned his female parent and sister.... What for? What has happened? And what had he in his heed? What did he say to her? He had kissed her foot and said... said (yep, he had said it clearly) that he could not live without her.... Oh, merciful heavens!"
Sonia spent the whole night feverish and delirious. She jumped up from time to time, wept and wrung her hands, then sank once again into feverish sleep and dreamt of Polenka, Katerina Ivanovna and Lizaveta, of reading the gospel and him... him with pale face, with burning optics... kissing her feet, weeping.
On the other side of the door on the correct, which divided Sonia's room from Madame Resslich's apartment, was a room which had long stood empty. A carte was fixed on the gate and a notice stuck in the windows over the culvert advertizing it to allow. Sonia had long been accustomed to the rooms being uninhabited. Simply all that time Mr. Svidrigailov had been standing, listening at the door of the empty room. When Raskolnikov went out he stood however, thought a moment, went on tiptoe to his own room which adjoined the empty ane, brought a chair, and noiselessly carried information technology to the door that led to Sonia's room. The conversation had struck him as interesting and remarkable, and he had greatly enjoyed information technology - so much that he brought a chair that he might non in the hereafter, tomorrow, for instance, accept to endure the inconvenience of standing a whole 60 minutes, but might mind in comfort.
• How practise you feel virtually reading Dostoyevsky in English language?
• Accept you read 'Crime and Penalty'? If yeah, what practice yous recall of the novel? If no, why not?
ACTIVITY
Write a brusk biography of your favourite Russian author and depict their nearly successful novel. Send information technology to us
at// world wide web.spotlightonrussia.ru
Nosotros all know when New Yr is, right? Well, actually, it depends which calendar you employ. Russians are lucky, they celebrate twice.
People counted time in many dissimilar means until the Romans changed everyone to their system of counting time from the date Rome was founded. After Rome conquered Egypt, Julius Caesar introduced a new calendar based on a Babylonian model. It had 365 days divided into 12 months with an actress day every fourth year.
Then, in 527 Ad, a Roman abbot, Dionysius Exiguus, brought in the Anno Domini calendar numbering the years from Jesus' nascency. All the same, every 131 years the calendar would be out by one day, since the altitude the globe travelled around the sun grew shorter from 365,2422 to 365,2419 days. Over the centuries this became a trouble, as Easter was later and later in the year.
Pope Gregory Thirteen used the calendar of astronomer Christopher Clavius to brand reforms. Clavius used mathematics and astronomy to summate the new calendar. Most countries accustomed the calendar direct away, but Britain only adopted the modern calendar, in 1752, and Orthodox Russian federation was forced to prefer the new changes when the Bolsheviks came to power, in 1917.
In many countries however, including Russia, both the Julian calendar and the Gregorian calendar are used. So, for the Russians, Christmas is on 7th January with Begetter Frost and other traditions and New year's day is on 1st January, but they celebrate a second New year's day on 13th January. The outset one is the New New Year and the second one is the Quondam New Yr.
New year's day on 1st January in Russian federation is a public vacation and is celebrated with fireworks and elaborate big meals and other festivities. The Old New year past the Julian calendar is informally observed. For many this is a cornball family holiday ending the vacation season.
The Old New year's day tradition as well features in popular culture and art. Mikhail Roshchin wrote a one-act drama for the stage, in 1973, called The Old New year, which played in theatres for many years. It was also a Boob tube film released past Mosfilm studios in 1980 which featured famous actors and music by Sergei Nikitin, with lyrics by Boris Pasternak.
ACTIVITY
Describe how you gloat the Old New
Year and the New year to your partner.
• Which commemoration do you lot prefer? Why?
• Would you like to gloat Easter twice? Why (non)?
How superstitious are you? Nosotros decided to investigate to come across how superstitious Russian people are.
Some Russian people are very superstitious. Some of their superstitions are the same as in other countries, such as black cats De -: t-, jCKy, while others are peculiar :O Russian federation. Who would imagine that TS untucky to give yellow flowers or an ccc number of flowers?
Nearly of these weird superstitions come from folk stones or fairy tales. They are related to the heathen conventionalities that at that place are spirits that live in woodlands, rivers, farmyards and houses. The firm spirit is called Domovoy and he is supposed to alive in the forepart doorway. There are many superstitions related to him, including the one that says it's bad luck to shake hands or kiss through a doorway because information technology volition offend him.
Superstitious Russians are firm believers in knocking on wood and spitting to ward off bad luck and evil spirits. If anyone makes a annotate hinting well-nigh something bad or unpleasant that might happen, some Russians believe that they are inviting bad luck and will blitz to find some wood to knock on to counteract it. They may as well spit over their left shoulder three times. They sometimes also do this if they receive a compliment in order to keep abroad the evil center and avoid a change in their luck.
Apart from strange ways of avoiding bad luck, some of the things Russians believe to bring good luck are just as odd. For example, seeing a pig on the street is considered to exist very skilful luck. Although that is quite rare these days!
• Are you superstitious?
• Which superstitions do yous believe in?
Activity
Collect data about
superstitions from another
and write an article well-nigh them
It'southward 50 years since Russia sent the first artificial satellite into space. We decided to look at some other milestone in space history.
Spotlight on Russia finds out about Mir
Prussia has a long and distinguished history imin space. Information technology was the showtime state to send a satellite into space, the first country to send a man into space and the first country to launch a infinite station into infinite. Even now, as the International Space Station is still in its early days, the Russians have already 'been there and done that'.
The Mir Orbital Complex was in orbit for fifteen years, three times longer than initially planned. During that time, in that location were many manned missions to and from it and many spacewalks.
Mir took x years to build. The primary piece or module weighing 20 tonnes, was launched into space in 1986. A further 6 modules were launched individually and added to the principal module making a total weight of 130 tonnes. The primary module contained the living quarters for ii cosmonauts in tiny cabins with windows. The first 2 crew members were Leonid Kizim and Vladimir Soloviev.
Each module had a special purpose. Kvant was used for 10-ray and UV astronomy, Kvant 2 was used every bit an experimental manoeuvring unit for space suited astronauts. Kristall was a micro-gravity inquiry laboratory. Spektr and Priroda were Globe ascertainment platforms.
Mir was taken out of orbit in 2001 because of fiscal reasons. In that location just wasn't enough government or private funding to continue it in operation. What remains of the Mir Infinite Station is now somewhere at the bottom of the Pacific Body of water, simply it will remain a huge achievement in space technology and a landmark in spaceflight history.
ACTIVITY
Do some research and make a timeline
of f the Mir Orbital Complex.
• With a partner, discuss anything you know well-nigh Mir that is not mentioned in the text.
• What other landmark events in space has Russia been involved in?
Irina Kolesnikova is the prima ballerina for the St Petersburg Ballet Theatre and has won many Russian and international prizes.
What do you dream of becoming? Whatever it is, you must follow your dream and never give up, no matter what life throws in your way. That's what a young Russian woman chosen lrina Kolesnikova did, and now she is the brightest star in ballet today. She has absorbed audiences around the world with her performances as Odette and Odile in Swan Lake, Clara in The Nutcracker, Aurora in The Sleeping Beauty, Giselle, and many more than.
lrina grew up in St Petersburg and the moment she saw The Sleeping Beauty on TV, she decided she wanted to become a ballerina. She enrolled at the Vaganova School, merely her teachers were unkind and made her lose faith in her dazzler and talent. She lost all her confidence, and afterwards graduation she couldn't observe a ballet company to hire her. She was rejected by both the Kirov and the Mussorgsky Theatres, and didn't know what to practice. Then unexpectedly, she met an old school friend who advised her to audition for the recently formed St Petersburg Ballet Theatre, and she was accepted.
lrina speedily rose through the ranks and word of her talent and skill spread far and broad. People flocked to encounter her when the visitor toured England, Australia, Due south Africa, and Nippon. She has also won many gold and silver medals in international competitions, and she was nominated by British critics for 'Best Female Dancer' at London's National Dance Awards.
lrina is a perfect instance of why y'all should never give upwardly on your dream. Success comes to those who keep on trying!
• What do you most admire nigh Irina Kolesnikova?
• What is your dream and how exercise you intend to achieve it?
ACTIVITY
Write to Spotlight on Russia aboi a hero/heroine of yours who has achieved success through hard work and conclusion.
In that location are thousands of natural and cultural attractions in Russia and no better fashion to run across them than by train.
Many people say the but way to see Russia is by train. Then, if you're going by train, yous may as well proceed the nicest and longest train journey in that location is - on the Trans-Siberian Railway. From start to stop the journey covers half-dozen,000 miles, that's a third of the way around the Earth!
The all-time thing about this journeying though, is that you don't have to brand it continuous. There is a regular service, so you can become on and off the train to enjoy the many wonderful cities along the style. For example, you can cease at Yoroslavl, which is ane of Russia's oldest cities and has many beautiful buildings to run across. Then there is Krasnoyarsk, founded in 1628, where you can see the unusual cliffs at Stolby Reserve. Let'south non forget Vladivostok, with its beautiful natural harbour and lively city center.
The railway has three main routes. The Trans-Siberian line goes from Moscow to Vladivostock. The Trans-Manchurian line goes from Tarskaya to Beijing through People's republic of china, and the Trans-Mongolian line goes from Ulan-Ude to Beijing through Mongolia. Whichever one yous have though, y'all can be sure to pass through some of the most amazing landscapes in the world and visit some picturesque towns and cities. With the Trans-Siberian Railway, getting there is as much fun as beingness at that place!
• Talk with your partner about a identify in Russia y'all would really like to visit.
• Take you e'er been on the Trans-Siberian Railway? If yep, what was information technology like? If no, would you like to? Why (not)?
ACTIVITY
Write to Spotlight on Russian federation and tell us which Russian cities you have visited and which ones yous would like to visit.
Английский язык. xi класс : учеб. для общеобразоват. учреждений / [О.В. Афанасьева, Дж.Дули, И.В. Михеева и др.]. - 2-е изд., доп. и перераб. - М.: Limited Publishing : Просвещение, 2009. - 244 с. : ил. - (Английский в фокусе).
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